AMC 10 · 2013 · #14

Grade 3 geometry-3d
eulers-polyhedron-formulaspatial-visualization identify-subproblems ↑ Prerequisites: eulers-polyhedron-formula
📏 Medium solution 💡 2 insights
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Problem
A solid cube of side length 3 has a solid unit cube (side length 1) sliced off at each of its 8 corners. Count how many edges the leftover solid has.

Pick an answer.

(A)
36
(B)
60
(C)
72
(D)
84
(E)
108

AMC 10 2013 problem © Mathematical Association of America (MAA AMC). Reproduced for educational use.

How to solve
Strategy Identify Subproblems

Counting every edge at once is confusing, so Tool #7 (Identify Subproblems) splits the total into two independent counts: how many of the original cube's edges survive, and how many brand-new edges the 8 identical corner cuts add. Tool #17 (Visualize Spatial Relationships) pictures a single corner notch to see that the three freshly exposed square faces contribute exactly 9 edges. Tool #1 (Draw a Diagram) sketches that one corner so the edges shared between the new faces are not double-counted. Because all 8 corners are identical, one careful local count multiplies up to the whole solid.

1STEP 1

Keep the original cube's edges

Slicing a unit cube off each end only shortens an edge, never splits or erases it, so all 12 original edges survive.

12 original edges
2STEP 2

See what one corner cut exposes

The little cube's buried faces get uncovered, so each corner opens 3 new unit squares that all meet at one inner point.

3 new square faces per corner
3STEP 3

Count the new edges at that corner

The 3 squares give 3 × 4 = 12 edge-slots, but each pair shares one edge, so 12 - 3 = 9 new edges are distinct.

3 × 4 - 3 = 12 - 3 = 9 new edges per corner
4STEP 4

Add up over all eight corners

The 8 identical corners add 8 × 9 = 72 edges; with the 12 survivors that is 12 + 72 = 84, choice (D).

12 + 8 × 9 = 12 + 72 = 84 → (D)
Answer
84
Check the total with Euler's polyhedron formula V - E + F = 2. Faces: the 6 original faces survive (each big face just loses its four corner squares but stays one connected face), plus 3 new faces per corner give 3 × 8 = 24, so F = 6 + 24 = 30. Vertices: each corner cut deletes the 1 original corner point but creates the little cube's other 7 corners, so V = 8 × 7 = 56. Then E = V + F - 2 = 56 + 30 - 2 = 84, matching the direct count and confirming (D). The value 84 is also one of the listed choices and sensibly larger than the original 12 edges.
💡Key takeaway

Cutting a cube off a corner does not erase the old edges; it just adds a little three-sided notch worth 9 new edges, and eight notches pile on 72 more.

  • Keep the original cube's edges
  • See what one corner cut exposes
  • Count the new edges at that corner
  • Add up over all eight corners