AMC 10 · 2023 · #1

Grade 6 rate-ratio
ratelinear-equations-one-varunit-conversion dimensional-analysisidentify-subproblems ↑ Prerequisites: ratemulti-digit-arithmetic
📏 Short solution 💡 2 insights
Problem
Two bikers start at the same time from cities A and B, which are 45 miles apart, and pedal toward each other. Alicia (from A) goes 18 mph; Beth (from B) goes 12 mph. How far from A are they when they meet?

Pick an answer.

(A)
20
(B)
24
(C)
25
(D)
26
(E)
27

AMC 10 2023 problem © Mathematical Association of America (MAA AMC). Reproduced for educational use.

How to solve
Strategy Draw a Diagram

The problem describes positions on a road and motion along that road — Tool #1 (Draw a Diagram) is the natural lead. A simple labeled segment from A to B with arrows showing the two bikers makes the structure obvious: the gap of 45 miles closes at the combined speed 18 + 12 = 30 mph. Tool #8 (Analyze the Units) is the verification companion — tracking miles, mph, and hours through every multiplication makes sure the final number is in miles, which is what the problem asks for. Algebra (Tool #13) would also work but the diagram-plus-units path is faster and more visual for a Grade 6 rate concept.

1STEP 1

Sketch the 45-mile road with A left and B right, then draw Alicia's and Beth's arrows closing the gap from both ends.

A → … 12 mph B, |AB| = 45
2STEP 2

The two arrows close the gap together, so the speeds add — the combined closing speed is 30 mph.

18 + 12 = 30 mph
3STEP 3

Divide the 45-mile gap by the 30-mph closing speed; miles over miles-per-hour leaves 1.5 hours until they meet.

t = (45 mi)/(30 mi/hr) = 1.5 hr
4STEP 4

The meeting point is where Alicia rode in that time, so multiply her 18 mph by 1.5 hours to get her distance from A: 27 miles.

d_A = 18 mi/hr × 1.5 hr = 27 mi → (E)
Answer
27
Cross-check from Beth's side. In 1.5 hours Beth covers 12 × 1.5 = 18 miles from B toward A. Alicia's 27 miles plus Beth's 18 miles is 27 + 18 = 45 miles — the full distance, so they really do meet at that spot. Also, since Alicia is the faster rider, the meeting point should sit past the midpoint (22.5 mi) on the B side; 27 > 22.5 confirms this.
💡Key takeaway

This AMC 10 problem only needs Grade 6 unit rates you already know — speeds add when two riders close in, then distance equals speed times time!