AMC 10 · 2023 · #6

Grade 4 arithmetic
recursive-sequenceparitypattern-recognitionmodular-arithmeticlucas-numbers pattern-recognitionsystematic-enumerationeasier-related-problem ↑ Prerequisites: parityrecursive-sequence
📏 Medium solution 💡 2 insights
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Problem
A Lucas-style sequence is defined by L₁ = 1, L₂ = 3, and L_n+2 = L_n+1 + L_n. Count how many of L₁, L₂, …, L₂023 are even.

Pick an answer.

(A)
673
(B)
1011
(C)
675
(D)
1010
(E)
674

AMC 10 2023 problem © Mathematical Association of America (MAA AMC). Reproduced for educational use.

How to solve
Strategy Look for a Pattern

Counting parities for 2023 terms is hopeless by brute force, so reach for Tool #9 (Easier Problem): compute the first few parities by hand. As soon as the odd/even tags repeat the starting pair (odd, odd), Tool #5 (Pattern) takes over — the cycle must continue forever. Tool #2 (Systematic List) keeps the parity record tidy. Once the period is known, the original 2023 shrinks to a one-line division problem: how many cycle-ending slots fit in 2023. Algebra (Tool #13) is unnecessary; the parity rules already do all the work.

1STEP 1

Tag parities from the two given odds using Odd+Odd=Even, Odd+Even=Odd: they run O, O, E, O, O, E, O, O.

n & 1 & 2 & 3 & 4 & 5 & 6 & 7 & 8 ; L_n & 1 & 3 & 4 & 7 & 11 & 18 & 29 & 47 ; parity & O & O & E & O & O & E & O & O
2STEP 2

Pair (L₄, L₅) = (O, O) repeats (L₁, L₂), and each parity depends only on the prior two — so (O, O, E) recurs with period 3.

O, O, E_block O, O, E_block O, O, E_block …
3STEP 3

The even slot is third in each block, so L_n is even exactly when n is a multiple of 3 — now just count multiples of 3 up to 2023.

L_n even ⇔ n ∈ {3, 6, 9, 12, …}
4STEP 4

Since 3 × 674 = 2022 fits but 3 × 675 = 2025 overshoots, there are 674 multiples of 3 up to 2023 — so 674 even terms, choice (E).

2023 ÷ 3 = 674 remainder 1 → 674 even terms → (E)
Answer
674
Quick sanity: roughly 13\frac{1}{3} of the 2023 terms should be even, and 20233\frac{2023}{3} ≈ 674.3 — so an answer near 674 is expected. (E) 674 matches. Choice (B) 1011 is what you would get if you mistakenly counted odd-indexed terms; (C) 675 is the off-by-one trap of rounding up; (D) 1010 would be 20202\frac{2020}{2} — a halving error rather than a thirding. The parity-block argument also passes the endpoint test: L₃ = 4 (even ✓), L₆ = 18 (even ✓), L₉ = L₈ + L₇ = 47 + 29 = 76 (even ✓).
💡Key takeaway

This AMC 10 problem only needs Grade 4 pattern and division skills you already know — write down odd or even for the first few terms, spot the (odd, odd, even) block of three, then ask how many of those blocks fit inside 2023.