AMC 10 · 2007 · #6

Grade 8 geometry-2d
isosceles-triangleangle-sum-triangleangle-sum-polygon identify-subproblems ↑ Prerequisites: isosceles-triangle
📏 Medium solution 💡 2 insights
Problem
Two isosceles triangles share a base, with apex angles of 40 and 140 degrees. The second apex sits inside the first triangle. Find the angle between them at a base corner.

Pick an answer.

(A)
20
(B)
30
(C)
40
(D)
50
(E)
60
How to solve
Strategy Draw a Diagram

Nothing here needs algebra — the whole problem is reading angles off a picture, so Tool #1 (Draw a Diagram) comes first: sketch both isosceles triangles on the shared base AC and place D inside triangle ABC. The picture reveals the key relationship — ray AD falls between rays AB and AC, so ∠ BAC splits into ∠ BAD and ∠ DAC. That turns the goal into 'find ∠ BAC and ∠ DAC separately, then subtract,' which is Tool #7 (Identify Subproblems). Each of those two angles is a base angle of one isosceles triangle, found from the triangle's angle sum.

1STEP 1

Draw the figure and split the angle at A

The corner angle splits into a difference of two base angles.

∠ BAD=∠ BAC-∠ DAC
2STEP 2

Find angle BAC from triangle ABC

The first apex angle gives a base angle of 70.

∠ BAC=(180°-40°)/2=70°
3STEP 3

Find angle DAC from triangle ADC

The second gives a base angle of 20.

∠ DAC=(180°-140°)/2=20°
4STEP 4

Subtract to get angle BAD

Subtracting gives 50, choice (D).

∠ BAD=70°-20°=50° → (D)
Answer
50
The answer must be a positive angle smaller than ∠ BAC=70°, since ∠ DAC=20° is carved out of it — and 50° fits. Sanity-check the whole picture: at A the pieces 20°+50°=70°=∠ BAC; triangle ABC has 70°+70°+40°=180° and triangle ADC has 20°+20°+140°=180°. Everything closes up, so 50° is consistent.
💡Key takeaway

In an isosceles triangle the two base angles are equal, so split the leftover after the top angle in half; here that gives 70° and 20°, and their difference is the answer.

  • Draw the figure and split the angle at A
  • Find angle BAC from triangle ABC
  • Find angle DAC from triangle ADC
  • Subtract to get angle BAD