AMC 10 · 2012 · #2

Grade 7 geometry-2d
area-rectanglesratio-proportionarea-circles identify-subproblems ↑ Prerequisites: area-rectangles
📏 Short solution 💡 2 insights 📊 Diagram
Problem
A circle fits snugly inside a rectangle whose sides are in a known ratio. Find the rectangle's area.

Pick an answer.

(A)
50
(B)
100
(C)
125
(D)
150
(E)
200
How to solve
Strategy Draw a Diagram

The picture is the key. Tool #1 (Draw a Diagram) turns the word "inscribed" into a measurable fact: the circle is tangent to the top and bottom edges, so the vertical gap it spans — its diameter — is exactly the width of the rectangle. Once the width is pinned down, Tool #7 (Identify Subproblems) finishes in two small steps: get the length from the 2:1 ratio, then multiply length by width for the area.

1STEP 1

Read the width off the circle

The short side is the diameter, ten.

width = diameter = 2 × 5 = 10
2STEP 2

Use the ratio to get the length

The ratio makes the long side 20.

length = 2 × width = 2 × 10 = 20
3STEP 3

Multiply length by width

Multiplying gives 200, choice (E).

area = length × width = 20 × 10 = 200 → (E)
Answer
200
Check the two sides against the drawing: the width 10 equals the diameter 2 × 5, and the length 20 is twice that — exactly the 2:1 box in the figure. Area 200 is the only choice that fits. The tempting wrong answer is (B) 100, which comes from using the radius 5 as the width instead of the diameter 10; but a radius only reaches halfway across the circle, so the full width must be the diameter.
💡Key takeaway

An inscribed circle stretches exactly one diameter across, so its diameter is the box's short side — find that first, then the rest is just ratio and area.

  • Read the width off the circle
  • Use the ratio to get the length
  • Multiply length by width