AMC 10 · 2015 · #4

Grade 2 logic
logical-deduction work-backwards ↑ Prerequisites: logical-deduction
📏 Medium solution 💡 2 insights
📘 View easy version →
Problem
Each clue ties two finishers' places together and one place is given outright. Name who took a given place.

Pick an answer.

(A)
David
(B)
Hikmet
(C)
Jack
(D)
Rand
(E)
Todd
How to solve
Strategy Work Backwards

Only one place is known directly — Marta's 6th. So start from that fixed fact and use the clues that connect each runner to an already-known place, one link at a time, until 8th place is filled.

1STEP 1

Anchor on Marta

The given place is the anchor.

Jack = 6 - 1 = 5
2STEP 2

Find Todd from Jack

The first clue moves one step.

Todd = 5 - 2 = 3
3STEP 3

Find Rand from Todd

The next clue moves again.

Rand = 3 - 1 = 2
4STEP 4

Find Hikmet from Rand

The chain reaches the wanted place.

Hikmet = 2 + 6 = 8
5STEP 5

Read off 8th place

That names the eighth finisher, choice (B).

8th place = Hikmet
Answer
Hikmet
Lay the solved places in order: Rand 2nd, Todd 3rd, Jack 5th, Marta 6th, Hikmet 8th, David 10th. Every original clue checks out — Rand (2) is 6 ahead of Hikmet (8), Marta (6) is 1 behind Jack (5), David (10) is 2 behind Hikmet (8), Jack (5) is 2 behind Todd (3), Todd (3) is 1 behind Rand (2), and Marta is 6th. All six places are distinct and within 1–12, so Hikmet in 8th is consistent.
💡Key takeaway

Start from the one place you know for sure, then hop along the clues one runner at a time.

  • Anchor on Marta
  • Find Todd from Jack
  • Find Rand from Todd
  • Find Hikmet from Rand
  • Read off 8th place