AMC 10 · 2007 · #15

Grade 8 geometry-2d
angle-sum-polygonratio-proportionlinear-equations-one-var convert-to-algebra ↑ Prerequisites: linear-equations-one-var
📏 Medium solution 💡 2 insights
Problem
In quadrilateral ABCD the four angles are linked by ∠ A=2∠ B=3∠ C=4∠ D, meaning ∠ A is twice ∠ B, three times ∠ C, and four times ∠ D. Find ∠ A in degrees, rounded to the nearest whole number.

Pick an answer.

(A)
125
(B)
144
(C)
153
(D)
173
(E)
180

AMC 10 2007 problem © Mathematical Association of America (MAA AMC). Reproduced for educational use.

How to solve
Strategy Introduce a Variable

The chain ∠ A=2∠ B=3∠ C=4∠ D ties every angle to ∠ A, so naming ∠ A=x (Tool #4) writes all four angles in terms of one unknown. The fact that a quadrilateral's angles sum to 360° then turns the picture into a single equation (Tool #13). Solving gives a decimal, and rounding lets us match one of the five listed choices (Tool #3).

1STEP 1

Name ∠ A and cascade the others

Let ∠ A=x. The chain then forces ∠ B=x/2, ∠ C=x/3, ∠ D=x/4 — four angles, one unknown.

∠ A=x, ∠ B=x/2, ∠ C=x/3, ∠ D=x/4
2STEP 2

Use the quadrilateral angle sum

Any quadrilateral splits along a diagonal into two triangles, so its angles total 360°: x+x/2+x/3+x/4=360.

x+x/2+x/3+x/4=360
3STEP 3

Combine the fractions

Over the common denominator 12 the numerators add to 12+6+4+3=25, so 25x/12=360.

(12x+6x+4x+3x)/12=25x/12=360
4STEP 4

Solve and round

Multiply by 12 and divide by 25: x=4320/25=172.8, which rounds to 173° — choice (D).

x=4320/25=172.8≈ 173°
Answer
173
Recover the other angles from x=172.8: ∠ B=86.4, ∠ C=57.6, ∠ D=43.2. Their sum is 172.8+86.4+57.6+43.2=360 exactly, confirming a valid quadrilateral. Since ∠ A is the largest of four angles that average 90°, it must sit well above 90° but below 360°; 173° fits, and it beats the smaller choices 125, 144, 153 while staying under the degenerate 180°.
💡Key takeaway

When angles are chained by an equal-value string, name the biggest one, write the rest as fractions of it, and let the fixed 360° total do the solving.

  • Name ∠ A and cascade the others
  • Use the quadrilateral angle sum
  • Combine the fractions
  • Solve and round