AMC 10 · 2008 · #10

Grade 6 rate-ratio
ratefraction-arithmeticlinear-equations-one-var convert-to-algebra ↑ Prerequisites: rate
📏 Medium solution 💡 2 insights
Problem
Two painters work together on one room but stop for a one-hour break. The total elapsed time includes that break. Decide which equation the total time must satisfy.

Pick an answer.

(A)
$\left(\frac{1}{5}+\frac{1}{7}\right)\left(t+1\right)=1$
(B)
$\left(\frac{1}{5}+\frac{1}{7}\right)t+1=1$
(C)
$\left(\frac{1}{5}+\frac{1}{7}\right)t=1$
(D)
$\left(\frac{1}{5}+\frac{1}{7}\right)\left(t-1\right)=1$
(E)
$\left(5+7\right)t=1$
How to solve
Strategy Convert to Algebra

The choices are equations, so the goal is to model the story, not to crunch out a number. Read each painting speed as a rate in rooms per hour, add the two rates for teamwork, then translate 'total time minus the lunch hour' into the actual painting time. Multiplying the team rate by that painting time and setting it equal to one whole room produces the equation, which we then match against the five choices.

1STEP 1

Turn each time into a rate

Each time becomes a rate of rooms per hour.

Doug = 1/5 room/hr, Dave = 1/7 room/hr
2STEP 2

Add the rates for teamwork

Working together, the rates add.

(1/5+1/7) room/hr
3STEP 3

Separate painting time from total time

The painting time is the total minus the break.

painting time = t - 1
4STEP 4

Build and match the equation

Rate times time equals one room, matching choice (A).

(1/5+1/7)(t-1)=1
Answer
(1/5+1/7)(t-1)=1
Together their hourly rate is 1/5 + 1/7 = 12/35 of a room, so painting nonstop would take 35/12, about 2.9 hours; adding the lunch hour makes t about 3.9 hours. Putting t minus 1, about 2.9, into (12/35)(t-1) gives roughly one whole room, which fits. Using plain t or t plus 1 would overshoot one room, confirming the lunch hour belongs as a subtraction, so (D) is right.
💡Key takeaway

Only the hours you actually work count, so subtract the break before you multiply speed by time.

  • Turn each time into a rate
  • Add the rates for teamwork
  • Separate painting time from total time
  • Build and match the equation